Enable virtualization - on Windows, macOS and Linux

Newer processors from Intel and AMD enable hardware-supported virtualization. Your current operating system serves as host (called host) and the virtual machines are considered guest systems. The virtual machines need permission to access the hardware resources directly. This is usually the case with Macs from Apple, but not with Windows computers in the delivery state. If the processor in your computer supports virtualization, you can enable the function in the BIOS. We will show you how to do this – also for the macOS and Linux operating systems – here.

Why is virtualization disabled?

Many users do not need the function in everyday life, which is why hardware-supported virtualization is deactivated by default on many PCs. Another reason is IT security. In the past, for example, there were “proofs of concepts” from rootkits such as Bluepillwith which unauthorized persons could take over a system via the activated virtualization.

Does my processor support virtualization?

Current processors from the market leaders Intel and AMD enable CPU virtualization. The manufacturers offer software programs (for Windows) that can be used to check suitability:

The two programs indicate whether the virtualization works - and whether it is activated or deactivated. If the processor supports the function, Intel calls this "Hyper-V" or "VT-x technology" and AMD calls it "AMD-V technology". If the detection programs confirm support, but it is disabled, it must be enabled in the BIOS.

Tip: You can learn more about virtualization options in our Article about virtualization technologies know.

How can I enable virtualization in the BIOS?

To enable hardware/CPU virtualization, go to the BIOS setup. You start the BIOS immediately after restarting the computer by pressing a specific key. The key varies from manufacturer to manufacturer, mostly Esc, Del, F1, F2 or F4 works. Press each button multiple times so you don't miss the right moment. Once you see the Windows loading screen, it's too late. Then you need to restart the computer and try another key. You can google for the right key for your PC or notebook. Or you look in the operating instructions.

The BIOS now deals with the configuration of the CPU:

• Look for a menu item labeled Processor, Chipset, CPU Configuration, or Northbridge. The setting may be under another menu item such as "Advanced". Manufacturers use different names, look for the setting for virtualization: Hyper-V, Intel Virtualization Technology, AMD-V, Vanderpool, VT-X or SVM - and enable it.
• Check if you can also enable features labeled "Intel VT-d" or "AMD IOMMU". Finally, save the changes and exit the BIOS. Your computer will now boot with hardware virtualization enabled.

Enable virtualization on Windows 10

First, check if virtualization is already enabled. In Windows 10, call up the Task Manager with the key combination Ctrl+Shift+Esc and see in the "Performance" tab under CPU whether "Virtualization" is activated. If not, you have to start the BIOS as described and activate the function there. You also have the option under Windows to activate "Hyper V" - this allows virtual machines to be created without additional software such as VirtualBox.

"Hyper V" requires Windows 10 Pro, Education or Enterprise. Activation as a Windows feature can be carried out quickly:

• Open the Run dialog with the key combination "Windows + R".
• Enter "optional features" and confirm with the Enter key.
• In the following window "Hyper-V" is activated.

Then the program "Hyper-V Manager" is ready for use. You access it from the Start menu and create virtual machines.

Enable virtualization on macOS

Macs with Intel i7 and i9 processors should have VT-x virtualization enabled by default. If not, you need to update the firmware. To check, open the terminal and enter the following command:

sysctl -a | grep machdep.cpu.features

Is "VMX" displayed? Then the CPU supports the function, but it may be disabled in case of outdated firmware. Start one Software update from Apple! After the update, virtualization is enabled. With the virtualization software Parallels Windows can then be used in parallel under macOS, for example.

Enable virtualization on Linux

If virtualization is enabled in the BIOS (see above), the next step is just software like VirtualBox and can use it to virtualize various guest operating systems. Further activation is not necessary. In this way, you can start a virtual machine with a Windows installation while working with Linux, for example, and use Windows programs there.

What are the benefits of processor virtualization?

With software-supported virtualization, the virtual machine monitor (VMM) – also known as the hypervisor – accepts commands from the virtual machines. Before processor virtualization was introduced by Intel and AMD, security-critical commands had to be modified. These commands are now sent directly to the processor, which can independently differentiate between guest systems and VMM processes. This increases the computing power of the system.

Enable Virtualization Summary

Hardware-assisted virtualization is disabled by default on many desktop PCs and notebooks. However, today's processors from Intel and AMD support processor virtualization, which can be easily activated. You can then virtualize several guest systems and, for example, use programs that the installed host operating system does not support.

Are you looking for virtualization solutions for powerful server products? In this post, we will explain you the most important differences between Docker and Virtual Machine.

Cover motif: Photo by Ashutosh Dave on Unsplash